Natural Classification of Plants as Flowering and Non-Flowering Plants

Dicotyledonous Plant comparing with Monocotyledonous Plant

Flowering Plants

The flowers as reproductive organs shown an improved characteristic. Flowers may be simple or composite. When classifying using Flowers It is called a Natural Classification.

Angiosperms

• Flowering Plants.
• Seed is covered by a fruit.
• Complicated Flowers.
• Most developed plants in the plant kingdom.
• Angiosperms are two types : Dicotyledonous plants and Monocotyledonous plants.

So let's get first Dicotyledonous plants and below are features of those plants.

1.) Dicotyledonous Plants.

• Widely spread.
• The seed has two cotyledons.
• Has a tap root.
• The veins of the leaves are webbed.
• The flowers have 5 petals or multiples of 5.

Examples: Jak tree, Mango tree

2.) Monocotyledonous Plants

• Number of plants is less.
• The seed has only one cotyledon.
• Fibrous root system.
• Veins are parallel.
• Number of petals in a flower is 3 or multiples of 3.

Monocotyledonous Plants

Non-Flowering Plants

Though sexual reproductory organs are available they are not organized as flowers. There are two types - with seeds and without seeds.

Gymnosperms

• The embryo is inside a seed.
• The seed is not covered. The seed is not enclosed in a fruit.
• Less advanced type of seed plants.

Bryophyta

1. Liverworts.
2. Mosses.

The plant body can be a thallus or sometimes may bear leaves. No true roots. Certain structures resembling roots are available. They are known as rhizoids and grows on moist walls or ground.

Examples: Marchantia, Poganatum

Pteridophyta - Ferns

• The stem consists of an underground rhizome or an arial stem that grows straight.
• Well-developed vascular tissues are available (Xylem and Phloem)
• Bears spores on leaves.

Example: Nephrolepis

Think you learned a lot about Natural Plant Classification. Next I'm going to tell you about Animal Classification Criteria. So wait for it..!

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